Tract vol 51 binder’s waste
The spine of Tract Vol 51 once cleaned revealed some manuscript parchment used by the binder as “waste” to strengthen the headcap and endband (now lost). Some valuable texts only exist because they have been preserved as “binders’ waste” on the backs of later unrelated books. Also note the remains of the green silk endband tied into the parchment.
Tract Vol 51 binder’s waste